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Groundwork: Participatory Approaches to Girl's Education
Abstract
"Investing in education for girls is the single most important thing a country can do...it leads to faster economic growth, higher family incomes, lower infant deaths and in many, many ways a better life for this generation and the next." Yet in most parts of the developing world girls receive much less education than boys. The film shows a PRA exercise which was carried out in a village in Gambia to investigate the constraints to female education and what might be done to improve access to education for girls. The methods used during the PRA included village mapping to establish which households had children attending or not attending school (06); pi-charts to show village income and expenditure (08.30); matrix ranking of problems and solutions (09); and card sorting to identify rich and poor households (12). Information from the ranking and the map were then compared and checked for discrepancies (13). However, it was only discovered by accident that 25% of girls did not appear on the map. These were girls who had never been to school or were about to get married (15). It was found that two of the major constraints to educating girls were the expense and demands for their labour at home. Cost was an important deterrent, particularly as the largest school expenses occurred just before harvest when people had no money. In addition, the demand for girls' labour in the fields was heaviest at the busiest time of the school year, while the demand for boys labour at that time was light (16). All the problems the villagers had identified were then ranked in pairs by different age-groups of women and men (18). An inventory of village associations was also made using venn diagrams to show the relationship between them (20). Having identified the problems and the resources available within the village, in the last phase of the PRA the villagers met to decide what action to take (23). The video concludes by discussing some of the wider applications of PRA (25) as well as some of the dangers (26).
Communication introductive au thÞme: "quelles stratégies pour le futur du développement participatif en Afrique ?"
Abstract
This paper sets outs to outline the future of participative development in Africa. Providing concrete examples and thought provoking questions, it describes the strategies the author sees as necessary to improve participative approaches: Ce papier tente de dÚfinir le futur du dÚveloppement participatif en Afrique. └ travers des questions de discussion et des exemples concret, l'auteur dÚcrit les stratÚgies Ó suivre pour amÚliorer l'approche participative.
Atelier francophone d'échanges sur le développement participatif
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the implementation, impact and problems of the Active Research and Planning Participative Method (MARP). Ce papier dÚcrit l'implÚmentation, l'impact et les problÞmes de la MÚthode Active de Recherche et de planification Participative (MARP).